Part A · Hormones and reproduction Animal coordination, control and homeostasis mind map

Use your browser’s Print command for A4 landscape, or choose A3 in its paper settings. The SVG remains sharp when enlarged. A text version follows the map.

Read the mind map as text

Hormonal control

Messengers: Blood-borne hormones; suitable receptors; slower than nerves
Glands: Pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries and testes
Homeostasis: Stable internal conditions; negative feedback opposes change
Thyroxine: Low level → hypothalamus TRH → pituitary TSH → thyroid
Feedback: Restored thyroxine inhibits TRH / TSH; controls metabolic rate
Adrenalin: Fight / flight: more muscle blood flow; glycogen → glucose

Menstrual cycle

Sequence: Menstruation → lining repair → ovulation → maintained lining
Pregnancy: Oviduct: fertilisation; embryo divides, then implants in uterus
FSH: Pituitary stimulates follicles and oestrogen production
Oestrogen / LH: Repairs lining; inhibits FSH; high oestrogen → LH surge
Progesterone: Corpus luteum maintains lining; inhibits FSH and LH
No pregnancy: Ovarian hormones fall → menstruation; graph timing varies

Fertility choices

Contraception: Combined pill suppresses FSH / LH; progestogen thickens mucus
Barriers: Condom blocks semen / reduces STIs; diaphragm covers cervix
Evaluation: Use, efficacy, side effects, duration, reversibility, STI protection
Clomifene: Reduced oestrogen feedback promotes FSH / LH and ovulation
IVF: Stimulate → collect → fertilise in lab → develop → transfer
ART evidence: Variable success; cost / risks; compare age and stated outcome

Connections

Hormonal control → Menstrual cycle: Pituitary and ovarian hormones coordinate the cycle.
Menstrual cycle → Fertility choices: Hormone interactions can suppress or stimulate ovulation.